Drawing material from dozens of divided societies, donald l. Aug 18, 2020 ethnic groups in conflict by donald l. Horowitz has acted as a consultant on the problems of divided societies and on policies to reduce ethnic conflict in locations including russia, romania, nigeria, tatarstan and northern ireland. He examines the concept and foundations of ethnicity, and the causes of ethnic conflict such as envy among different groups, and efforts at secession from a national whole. Constitutional engineering in a divided society california, 1991, which won the ralph bunche prize of the american political science association, and coeditor of immigrants in two democracies. In 2006, he was appointed to secretary of state s advisory committee on democracy promotion. Donald horowitz has authored several wellreceived books on public policy and political theory, and he has published a number of wellwritten articles on the subject of ethnicity and ethnic groups. Nov 19, 2020 the identity matrix that exists in much of subsaharan africa is beautifully complex as well as dangerously divisive. Although the literature on ethnicity continues to grow and gain in sophistication, there is little consensus among researchers about definitions, theoretical approaches, the process of conflict, or the means of conflict management and.
Mar, 2012 stuart kaufmann and donald horowitz, two theorists of the socialpsychological school, advocate the undeniable role that adversarial group myths play in the spectacle of ethnic conflict. Ethnic groups in conflict, updated edition with a new preface by. After addressing conceptual and practical obstacles, i present a list of 822 ethnic groups in 160 countries that made up at least 1 percent of the country population in the early 1990s. Irre spective of internal class differentiation, race, language, sect, or reli gion tends to define the politics of an ethnic group.
Pdf powersharing has become a fashionable theme in the study of institutional design for. Ethnic conflict theory and motives horowitz free download as powerpoint presentation. Horowitz, 2000, university of california press edition, in english 2nd ed. For their empirical evaluation, several active research programs in economics and political science require data on ethnic groups across countries.
Duke professor of law and political science at duke law school and duke university in durham, north carolina, united states he earned his phd from harvard university in 1968 and also holds degrees from syracuse university. In the narrower construal of the term, ethnic groups mean racial or. It contrasts with civil war on one hand where a single nation or ethnic group is fighting among itself and regular warfare on the other, where two or more sovereign states which may or may not be nation states are in conflict. May 01, 1993 one of the growing debates among students of international politics concerns the precise linkage between ethnic conflict and international conflict. Conflicts over state resources between ethnic groups can increase the. Thus, in addition to religious cleavage being a classic dimension in discussions about ethnic conflict for an overview, see chandra 2012. Ethnic groups in conflict, updated edition with a new preface horowitz, donald l. Is an ethnic group inevitably an exogenous variable, a given, or is it merely a vehicle created, say, for the extraction of resources from an. Horowitz constructs his theory of ethnic conflict, relating ethnic affiliations to kinship and intergroup relations to the fear of domination. The degree to which ethnicity is pervasive is variable. There is a new emphasis on change emerging in writings on ethnicity. Horowitz trade paper, revised edition at the best online prices at ebay. Thanks for exploring this supersummary plot summary of ethnic groups in conflict by donald horowitz.
Horowitz donald l 1985 ethnic groups in conflict berkeley. An ethnic conflict or ethnic war is an armed conflict between ethnic groups. Structure and strategy in ethnic conflict donald l. Laura graham tufts university summary theory of ethnic conflict. Horowitz s comprehensive consideration of the structure and dynamics of ethnic violence is the first fullscale, comparative study of what the author terms the deadly ethnic riotan intense, sudden, lethal attack by civilian members of one ethnic group on civilian members of another ethnic group. J fox, ethnic minorities and the clash of civilizations. Get your kindle here, or download a free kindle reading app. When groups can be formed along ethnic lines, ethnic identity can be used as a marker to recognize potential inltrators. Supporting the idea of seeing ethnic conflict as by product of modernization, he points to the role of elite ambitions and the role of differential modernization.
He is the author of, among other books, ethnic groups in conflict california, 2001 and a democratic south africa. Ethnic groups often assimilate with other groups or differentiate themselves from groups of which they were formerly a part. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading ethnic groups in conflict, updated edition with a new preface. It ireland, the protestant migration of the seventeenth century introduced whathas to do with the relations between ethnic groups and the modern state. Donald horowitz s book ethnic groups in conflict completely changed the way i not only look at africasoutheast asia, but also the way in which i look at all politics and group identity.
As you have access to this article, a pdf of this content is available in through the. Horowitz concedes that in no case is politics easily reduced to the simple common denominator of ethnic ties, even in deeply divided societies. The comparative politics of ethnic conflict management, conflict and peacemaking in multiethnic societies. Available at a lower price from other sellers that may not offer free prime shipping. In pursuit of political order and stability, authoritarian polities may push ethnic. Ethnic conflict is defined in this paper as conflict where at least one group defines its goals exclusively in ethnic terms and in which the faultline of confrontation is one of ethnic variation cordell and wolf, 2010. He is a specialist in the study of ethnic conflict and author of the books ethnic groups in conflict university of california. Ethnic groups in conflict 2000 edition open library. Constitutional engineering in a divided society california, 1991, which won the ralph bunche prize of the american political science association.
Institutional conflict settlement in divided societies core. The identity matrix and contemporary conflict in sub. Ethnic groups in conflict, updated edition with a new. Contrariwise, class conflict tends on the whole to be economic, but if the class into. In deeply divided societies, ethnic affiliations impact not only family and social.
We leverage more recent data on ethnic groups to evaluate if gurr was right about the decline of ethnic con. Responding to the many ominous predictions of surging ethnic warfare, gurr 2000a presented evidence of a pacifying trend since the mid1990s and predicted a further decline in ethnic con. Horowitz argues that electoral systems which facilitate the formation of ethnic parties serve to help deepen and extend preexisting ethnic conflict. If one carefully reads this bookand it certainly takes a dedicated, and systematic readingone will come away changed. It contrasts with civil war on one hand where a single nation or ethnic group is fighting among itself and regular warfare on the other, where two or more sovereign states which may or may not be nation states are in conflict examples of ethnic wars since the 1990s were typically caused by secessionist movements. Sep 01, 2008 although considering history as a weapon, that can fuel ethnic conflict, horowitz neglects the idea of interpreting ethnic conflicts as a revived form of an earlier conflict. The identity matrix and contemporary conflict in subsaharan. Page 24 in their consequences they differ precisely in this way. Based on his knowledge of ethnically divided societies in asia, africa, and the caribbean, horowitz contends that the spread of ethnic conflict is inversely related to the proliferation of democracy in developing societies.
An exclusive institutional system, in contrary, increases the chances of an ethnic conflict to emerge from the reasons of those grievances. A modern alternative to sparknotes and cliffsnotes, supersummary offers highquality study guides that feature detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, quotes, and essay topics. By lowering the cost of enforcing membership in the winning group, ethnic diversity makes the latter less susceptible to expost inltration by members of the losing one. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. To preempt misunderstanding, one needs to specify the meaning one is using. All giga working papers are available online and free of charge on the website. Common and uncommon elements in ethnic conflict before i pinpoint some of the regularities in the cases, a more general observation is in order. A groundbreaking work when it was published in 1985, the book remains an original and powerfully argued comparative analysis of one of the most important forces in the contemporary world. There are two distinct ways in which the term ethnic is interpreted.
Political scientists define a consociational state as one which has major internal divisions along ethnic, religious, or linguistic lines, with none of the divisions large enough to form a majority group, but which remains stable due to. Ethnic conflict 1st edition stefan wolff routledge book. Many violent conflicts are fought between the members of different ethnic groups e. Park, race and culture glencoe, ill free press, 1950, 114. A sudden, major structural change such as the collapse of communism in bosnia and decolonization in. Horowitzs ethnic groups in conflict had been cited 8o7 times. Jul 25, 1985 but as horowitz argues here in diverse societies ethnicity tends to become the primary marker of identification, including in group conflict. An ethnic conflict is a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups. Ethnic conflict may indeed have an economic basis, but that is not its core feature. Horowitz decades after the recognition that ethnicity is a powerful force in the politics of many countries.
The present investigation attempts to contribute to this dialogue in three ways. Ethnic and cultural diversity by country springerlink. Others claim that, since religious conflicts concern indivisible goods, religiously dis. Apr 09, 2001 ethnic groups in conflict, updated edition with a new preface kindle edition by horowitz, donald l download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets.
Once institutions encourage inclusion of various ethnic groups into political and economic system, tendency to ethnic conflict arising from uneven and undemocratic policies decreases. Group legitimacy and insecurity historical context of rwandan genocide rwandas ethnic groups colonial rule 1959 revolution habyarimanas regime 19751994 civil war 199094 and arusha accords habyarimanas assassination. Democracy in divided societies, journal of democracy 44. Ethnic conflict ebooks read ebooks online free ebooks. Article information, pdf download for cultural movements and ethnic. Duke professor of law and political science at duke university. Donald l horowitz based on his knowledge of ethnically divided societies in asia, africa, and the caribbean. How useful are the main existing theories of ethnic conflict. He is also the author of a democratic south africa. Despite a boom in studies of ethnic conflict, the empirical and.
There is a longstanding difference of approach between those who see ethnic groups as firmly bounded, durable communities inclined toward ethnocentrism, hostility to outsiders, and passionate conflict, and those who see them as social constructs, with a solidarity based on. Furthermore, many groups in conflict had never really encountered each other until recently. But its origins as a subject of academic inquiry not only predate the end of the cold war but also its inception, with some of the earliest works of significance emerging as far back as the end of the first world war. Summary drawing material from dozens of divided societies, donald l. Ethnic conflicts account for 5075% of civil wars in the post 1945 period. Hence, for a group that expects to prevail in a con. Genocide in rwanda group legitimacy and insecurity pjs 015003 dr. Industrialization created a wave of new modern identities in the the history of all hitherto existing human society is the history of ethnic struggles, a less popular philosopher than karl marx. Horowitz stipulates that two groups that are placed in the same environment have a natural tendency to cleave and compare as no two groups are seen to possess. Oct 29, 2018 the study of ethnic conflict saw its heyday in the aftermath of the cold war with a proliferation of theories about its causes and management. Ethnic groups in conflict, updated edition with a new preface. Some of the most important changes involve group boundaries and conflict relationships.
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